The Relevance of the Methodology Hospital Safety Index to Ensure Work Health Care Facilities in Emergencies
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
The objective: to analyze the existing methods for ensuring the safety of hospitals in the event of natural and man-made disasters, as well as the current regulatory framework for the safety and functioning of the healthcare facility during emergencies in Ukraine.
Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of data from scientific and specialized sources of information regarding the state of hospital safety, including The Center for the Study of Natural Disaster Epidemiology at the Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium), the International Disaster Database (EMDAT), and official WHO expert reports. Research methods were: bibliographic, synthetic, formal logic. A logical analysis of the data was conducted, summarizing the results, identifying the main causative factors of the deficiencies and the risk creating factors using complex data analys is and computer technologies.
Results. WHO-recommended Worldwide Hospital Safety Index methodology, developed to implement a new approach to preventing and reducing the health effects of natural disasters, helps local authorities determine which agencies need to take appropriate action first to reduce vulnerability. Priority should be given to an institution where the safety of patients and staff is at highest risk during a disaster, or to an institution, where there is a risk of equipment damage or where measures are needed to maintain performance. It is established that the activities of any healthcare facilities ofUkraine are evaluated by three standards – management of the institution (including services and personnel), finances and material resources, as well as medical activity. According to the current legislation ofUkraine, the regulations governing the activities of the POPs do not provide for the assessment of the safety of carrying out the medical-diagnostic process in these institutions when providing medical assistance to patients and victims in the event of emergency situations. It is revealed that in our country the criteria and methods of assessment of hospitals’ safety are not fully adapted to the actual health care system, while at the same time there is no description and characterization of risks and factors that adversely affect the state of organization of medical-diagnostic process in the process of providing medical care to the victims in emergency situations that significantly reduce the capacity of healthcare facilities to function properly.
Conclusions. Ensuring that hospitals operate in emergencies require the development and implementation of adequate response measures, taking into account the existing risks of technical and functional factors. The worldwide methodology for determining the Hospital Safety Index is an effective tool for assessing the safety and vulnerability of hospitals, adopting low-cost, high-efficiency measures to improve safety and emergency preparedness. It is appropriate to apply this methodology in Ukraine, taking into account the world experience in its use, but it requires adaptation to the realities of the national health care system and improvement of the existing legal acts.##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the first publication of original scientific articles under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which allows others to distribute work with acknowledgment of authorship and first publication in this journal.
References
Wallemacq P, House R. UNISDR and CRED report: Economic Losses, Poverty and Disasters 1998-2017. Brussels: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED): 2018. 31 p. URL: https://www.preventionweb.net/files/61119_credeconomiclosses.pdf (Last accessed: 2018 Aug 14).
CRED. Natural Disasters 2017. Brussels: Center for Disaster Epidemiology Research (CRED) of Leuven Catholic University (Belgium): 2018. 8 p. URL: https://cred.be/sites/default/files/adsr_2017.pdf (Last accessed: 2018 Jul 02).
Prof. Guha-Sapir, 2018 Reviev of disaster events: Brussels: Center for Disaster Epidemiology Research (CRED) of Leuven Catholic University (Belgium), EM-DAT (International Disaster Database) is partly funded by USAID: 2019. 6 p. URL: https://www.emdat.be/file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/Review2018.pdf (Last accessed: 2019 Jan 24).
Progress report on disaster preparedness and response to health disasters at national and regional levels. Resolution CD47/INF/4. 47th Directing Counsil 58th Session of the regional Committee World Health Organization. Washington, D.C., USA: 2006.18р. URL: www.paho.org/English/GOV/CD/CD47-inf4-e.pdf (Last accessed: 2006 Sept 29)
Safe Hospitals: a regional initiative on disaster-resilient health facilities. Resolution CSP27/12. 27th Pan American Sanitary Conference 59th Session of the regional Committee Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization. Washington, D.C., USA: 2007. 11p. URL: http://www1.paho.org/english/gov/csp/csp27-12-e.pdf?ua=1(Last accessed: 2007 July 23).
Disaster Preparedness and Response. Resolution CD45.R8. 45th Directing Counsil 56th Session of the regional Committee. Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization. Washington, D.C., USA: 2004. 2 p. URL: http://www1.paho.org/english/gov/cd/CD45.r8-e.pdf (Last accessed: 2004 Oct 1).
Report on Reducing the Impact of Disasters on Health Facilities. Resolution CD45/27. 45th Directing Counsil 56th Session of the regional Committee. World Health Organization, Washington, D.C., USA: 2004. 7 р. URL: http://www1.paho.org/English/GOV/CD/cd45-27-e.pdf (Last accessed: 2004 Oct 1).
Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. World Health Organization: 2005. 28 p. URL: https://www.unisdr.org/files/1037_hyogoframeworkforactionenglish.pdf (Last accessed: 2005 Febr 10).
Hospital Safety Index: Guide for evaluators. Series Hospitals Safe from Disasters, № 1. PAHO HQ Library Cataloguing-in-Publication. Pan American Health Organization, 2008. Washington, D.C.: PAHO. 2008. 107 p.
Achour N., Pascale F., Price A.D.F., Polverino F., Aciksari K., Miyajima M. et al. Learning lessons from the 2011 Van Earthquake to enhance healthcare surge capacity in Turke. Environmental Hazards. 2016; 15 (1): 74-79. URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17477891.2016.1139539 (Last accessed: 2016 Feb 10).
Djalali A., Castren M., Khankeh H., Gryth D. Hospital disaster preparedness as measured by functional capacity: a comparison between Iran and Sweden. Prehospital disaster medicine. 2013; 28 (3): 454-461. URL: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/prehospital-anddisaster-medicine/article/hospital-disasterpreparedness-as-measured-by-functionalcapacity-a-comparison-between-iran-andsweden/0253545D8E813EA62F0923B61629A436 (Last accessed: 2013 Oct).
Salevaty J., Khankeh H.R., Dalvandi A., Delshad V. The Impact of Nurses Training and Applying Functional and Nonstructural Hospital Safety in Preparedness of Razi and Day Hospitals in Disasters Based on Hospital Safety Index. Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly. 2015; 1 (1): 17-24. URL: http://www.academia.edu/download/40533845/3.pdf (Last accessed: 2015).
Hospital safety index: guide for evaluators. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization and Pan American Health Organization. 2015. 176р. URL: https://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/hospital_safety_index_evaluators.pdf (Last accessed: 2017 Sept 20).
Hospital Safety Index: Medium and Small Hospitals Safety Index / Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C.: 2015. 151 p. URL: https://www.paho.org/disasters/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=2389&Itemid=&lang=en (Last accessed: 2015 Aug).
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 / The Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction in Sendai, Japan: 2015. 32p. URL: https://www.preventionweb.net/publications/view/43291 (Last accessed: 2015 March 18).
Указ Президента України № 284/99 від 26 березня 1999 року «Про концепцію захисту населення і територій у разі загрози та виникнення надзвичайних ситуацій». URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/284/99
Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України № 11 від 9 січня 2014 р. «Про затвердження Положення про єдину державну систему цивільного захисту». URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/11-2014-п
Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України № 223 від 14 березня 2018 року «Про затвердження Плану реагування на надзвичайні ситуації державного рівня». URL: https://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/223-2018-п?lang=uk
Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України № 285 від 02 липня 1997 року «Про затвердження Ліцензійних умов провадження господарської діяльності з медичної практики». URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/285-2016-п
Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України № 765 від 15 липня 1997 року «Про затвердження Порядку акредитації закладу охорони здоров’я». URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/765-97-п
Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України №1121 від 21 листопада 2012 року «Про затвердження Порядку взаємодії закладів охорони здоров’я, що входять до системи екстреної медичної допомоги, з аварійно-рятувальними службами та підрозділами центральних та інших органів виконавчої влади, органів влади Автономної Республіки Крим, органів місцевого самоврядування під час виникнення надзвичайних ситуацій та ліквідації їх наслідків». URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/ru/1121-2012-п?lang=uk
Наказ МВС України та МОЗ України №275/600 від 03.04.2018 «Про затвердження Інструкції щодо організації взаємодії між Державною службою України з надзвичайних ситуацій і Міністерством охорони здоров’я України в разі виникнення надзвичайних ситуацій» (Зареєстровано в Міністерстві юстиції України 19 квітня 2018 р. за № 479/31931). URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0479-18/print
Наказ МОЗ України від 26.12.2002 № 493 «Про затвердження Регламенту реагування закладів охорони здоров’я на виникнення надзвичайних ситуацій природного та техногенного характеру». URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/v0493282-02?lang=uk
